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KMID : 1036820180230020392
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Communication Sciences & Disorders
2018 Volume.23 No. 2 p.392 ~ p.403
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Effect of Working Memory and Exposure to the Symbols on Sentence Construction using AAC Graphic Symbols
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Shin Sang-Eun
Park Hee-Young
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Abstract
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Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to explore the effects of verbal/non-ver-bal working memory skills and the exposure to graphic symbols of the augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in the context of a sentence construction task with a fixed/ non-fixed array of AAC symbols.
Methods: Thirty-two healthy young adults (26.75±7.05 years) participated in the experiment. They were asked to locate the target symbols in a given order (noun-adverb-action verb) for the sentence stimuli which were presented visually with written words on the computer screen. The symbols were presented in two conditions: a fixed array and a non-fixed array. The working memory skills were evaluated by using the verbal (backward digit span) and visuospatial (backward matrix) working memory tasks. The participants’ performance was analyzed using accuracy and response times.
Results: The stepwise regression analyses showed that verbal and non-verbal working memory only affects response time. Moreover, working memory contributed differently to the task depending on the array type: the non-verbal working memory primarily predicted the response times in the fixed array condition, which was not the case in the non-fixed array condition.
Conclusion: The exposure to the symbols significantly reduced the response time and the reduction rate was three times higher in the fixed condition compared to the non-fixed condition. Implications for AAC intervention by using a fixed array of symbols are discussed.
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KEYWORD
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Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), Working memory, Exposure to the symbols, Fixed display, Sentence construction
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